The Dharmaśāstric Proclamations in Odishan Inscriptions: A Study of Legal and Ethical Traditions in Epigraphy

Abstract

The legal and ethical traditions of ancient India are deeply rooted in Dharmaśāstric principles, which were frequently inscribed on stones, pillars, and other epigraphic materials in Odisha. These proclamations reflect a rich intersection of religious, social, and legal thought. This paper explores the Dharmaśāstric content of Odishan inscriptions, with a focus on land donation, protection, and its ethical implications as reflected in legal proclamations. Through a detailed analysis of select Sanskrit verses found in these inscriptions, this study examines the role of kings in upholding dharma (righteousness) through their stewardship of land and the consequences of unlawful land seizure. These proclamations offer valuable insights into the moral fabric of ancient Odishan society, emphasizing the significance of land as a divine gift and the ethical responsibilities of rulers and citizens.