Correlation Analysis of the Effect of PM2.5 in the Generation of Heart Diseases in Workers of the Electronics Industry of Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico

Abstract

The health organization and industrial association of Mexicali, which is one of cities more contaminated of the Mexican Republic, considers that heart disease is the main cause of death in the people that works in manufacturing aeras of an electronics industry located in this city. One of the relevant factors of this serious health symptom is exposure to polluting particles from chemical agents (derived from sulfur (SOX), nitrogen (NOX) and carbon (CO), coming from the large vehicular traffic in this region of Mexico, in addition to other types of agents such as cat hair, soot (from burning cardboard, tires and wood), mainly in the winter season to mitigate the low temperatures in this city, as well as pollen the spring period, and biological microorganisms and fungal spores from plants and fungi that affect the health of the people of this city. Based on this, an investigation was made to correlate the effect caused by exposure to PM2.5 particles (particles less than 2.5 microns in diameter), of the agents mentioned above, in the generation of cardiovascular diseases. PM2.5 was evaluated, because in according to the environmental authorities of the Mexicali city, it is the main polluting agent and that it is in the outdoors atmospheres, which can penetrate to the indoors environments. This pollution agent can enter to indoors of buildings, through small cracks, crevices or holes and roof and can be penetrate to human body through the respiratory ducts and can be deposited in the lungs. This can generate bad function of lungs and cause the generation of cardiovascular diseases in this desertic city of our country, which is a border region with the United States, essentially with the California state. In this scientific study, clinical evaluations were made (information of heart diseases from 2017 to 2021), variations of relative humidity (%) and temperature (°C), as well as analysis of polluting agents at the macro and microscopic level (with the scanning electron microscopy-MBE technique). This investigation was made from 2017 to 2021, including the period of the Covid19 pandemic, which increased the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the population of Mexicali.